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Voice-activated technology helps curb loneliness in senior living residents – News

(Credit: monkeybusinessimages / Getty Photographs)

Voice-activated engineering can lower loneliness among senior dwelling inhabitants and enable with the layout of “gerontechnology” aimed at more mature adults, according to the success of a College of Nebraska-Lincoln demonstration challenge.

The pilot analyze of 16 older people aged 75 or a lot more years and living alone in an impartial dwelling group made use of an Amazon Echo gadget for eight weeks. The intention of the investigate was to have an understanding of the affect of individual voice assistants on loneliness reduction in older older people. The research discovered that unbiased dwelling citizens making use of the voice-activated equipment documented feeling less lonely soon after four months.

Though details and interaction systems — this kind of as tablets and smartphones — can maximize opportunities for social interaction, they are restrictive to those people with very poor eyesight, have difficulty typing or are unfamiliar with the know-how, according to the investigators. Personalized voice assistant devices, nonetheless, are viewed as more inexpensive and available, with voice developing as the predominant indicates of gadget conversation amid older adults, they said. The researchers observed that own voice assistants element an interactive synthetic intelligence that can react or chat with end users.

“Adaptability, usefulness, satisfaction, sociability, perceived behavioral handle and companionship are the variables that most point out human acceptance of social robots, and [personal voice assistants] are intended to show all of these attributes,” they wrote.

Around the system of the study, inhabitants assigned human traits to the Echo, a tendency regarded as anthropomorphism. Residents, for example, greeted the Echo with welcoming phrases, addressed the unit in the 2nd particular person, made use of well mannered language and reacted to responses from the products.

Throughout the examine, participants have been needed to interact with the system at least 5 periods each and every day, deciding upon commands from a presented listing of 100 of them. Beginning at 7 days 5, participants were authorized to use the product as substantially or as minimal as they wished. Individuals claimed an ordinary of 18 day-to-day interactions with the unit in the 1st 4 weeks and an regular of 10 day by day interactions in the second half of the examine.

The pilot presented preliminary proof that a individual voice assistant can be utilized often by older men and women and may aid lower perceptions of loneliness. The conclusions, the scientists claimed, display the opportunity for contributors to work out command above and individualize the expertise and can help inform the style and design of upcoming technological improvements.

Study effects were printed in Frontiers in Public Health and fitness.

Atria Senior Living faucets Alexa

In the meantime, citing the ability for virtual assistants to supply companionship and improve social interaction in senior living communities, Atria Senior Residing announced Friday that it is putting in Amazon Echo Reveals at its new Coterie Cathedral Hill luxurious senior living local community in San Francisco.

When the unbiased living, assisted residing and memory care local community opens this spring, citizens will be able to use the equipment to adjust lights, blinds and thermostats make cell phone and online video calls concept staff members and neighbors and contact up eating menus and function calendars.

Atria stated it also will use the products for basic safety steps, which includes as a supplement to its crisis call process.

The units will be mounted at chosen Atria and Coterie — a joint venture with Relevant Firms and Atria — communities during this calendar year and beyond. Atria Chief Engineering Officer Chris Nall referred to as the transfer a “game-changer in senior living.”

Apple tells US lawmakers antitrust laws will harm user privacy | Technology News

Apple Inc. and Google warned U.S. lawmakers Tuesday that bipartisan antitrust laws aimed at curbing the electrical power of massive technology companies would damage the privateness and safety of end users if it will become regulation.

Escalating its opposition to the laws, Apple despatched a letter to Senate Judiciary Committee Chair Dick Durbin the panel’s ranking Republican, Chuck Grassley Antitrust Subcommittee Chair Amy Klobuchar and the subcommittee’s position Republican, Mike Lee. The letter, which was attained by Bloomberg Information, underscores Apple’s press to shield its Application Retail store from authorities oversight and alterations that would disrupt its business model.

“After a tumultuous 12 months that witnessed several controversies pertaining to social media, whistle-blower allegations of lengthy-dismissed dangers to little ones, and ransomware assaults that hobbled critical infrastructure, it would be ironic if Congress responds by building it significantly more difficult to shield the privacy and stability of Americans’ private equipment,” Tim Powderly, Apple’s senior director of government affairs, claimed in the letter. “Unfortunately, that is what these bills would do.”

The to start with bill outlined in the letter — laws sponsored by Klobuchar and Grassley — would need some alterations to dominant tech platforms that Apple says would allow Apple iphone and iPad customers to put in apps outside the house of the App Store, a procedure identified as sideloading.

If the bill were being to grow to be regulation, sideloading would upset critical elements of Apple’s business enterprise design. It would make it challenging or not possible for Apple to acquire its 15{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} to 30{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} Application Store fee, and it would disrupt the company’s privacy and safety stance.

There is bipartisan momentum for passing laws that would address the industry ability of the greatest U.S. tech firms. While congressional leaders have have focused their interest somewhere else, an antitrust monthly bill aimed at technologies giants could turn into more and more appealing as other Democratic initiatives stall and the window closes to notch legislative wins before November’s midterm elections.

Alphabet Inc.’s Google, meanwhile, criticized the laws in a blog site post, saying it would hamstring well-liked merchandise these types of as Google Lookup and Gmail. Like Apple, Google reported the expenditures would threaten user safety and privacy and conclude up harming individuals.

“Legislation being debated in the House and Senate could split these and other common on the net companies, creating them fewer practical and a lot less protected, and harmful American competitiveness,” Main Authorized Officer Kent Walker stated in the website submit. “We’re deeply worried about these unintended penalties.”

A coalition of smaller tech companies endorsed the Klobuchar-Grassley laws Tuesday, stating it would “help restore competitors in the digital marketplace and take out limitations for customers to decide on the providers they want.”

The group, which contains Sonos Inc., Yelp Inc. and Zynga Inc. founder Mark Pincus, claimed in an open letter to Durbin and Grassley that dominant businesses are “abusing their gatekeeper status to give on their own and their associates preferential cure and accessibility on their platforms.”

Apple’s letter included equivalent arguments to these manufactured in previous year’s trial with Epic Game titles Inc. and all through speeches from Apple executives, like 1 from program chief Craig Federighi final 12 months. Like Alphabet and Amazon.com Inc., Apple has been underneath scrutiny from governments globally about what some contemplate to be anticompetitive methods.

The Klobuchar-Grassley invoice would prohibit companies from giving an benefit to their possess products in excess of these of more compact rivals that depend on their platforms. Critics of the legislation have warned that this would fundamentally alter how shoppers accessibility popular merchandise like Apple Tunes, Google Maps and Amazon Primary.

Apple reported in the letter that the payments “erect pretty steep obstacles” for the corporation to instate new privateness controls. The corporation also reported that the laws would set its new App Tracking Transparency feature, which can make end users approve irrespective of whether apps can observe them across other apps and websites, “in jeopardy.” The characteristic has been criticized by Meta Platforms Inc. and other social media providers for hurting advertisement profits, but Apple maintains that the mechanism has viewed “overwhelmingly positive” comments from customers.

The Senate Judiciary Committee plans to think about the Klobuchar-Grassley monthly bill as quickly as this week. Apple explained in its letter that senators ought to add language to the invoice that makes it possible for for carry out that “increases purchaser welfare,” the standard standard for antitrust enforcement. The company said it also wants to “continue working with the committee to obtain workable solutions to tackle opposition issues even though guarding consumers’ privateness and protection going forward.”

The Home Judiciary Committee accredited a identical invoice in June of last year as element of a 6-bill deal of antitrust legislation. Those charges have been stalled as the Democratic-led Property pursues other priorities like authorities funding, a bipartisan infrastructure invoice and voting legal rights legislation.

The White Property has not explicitly endorsed the Klobuchar-Grassley monthly bill in general public, but Push Secretary Jen Psaki claimed earlier this thirty day period that President Joe Biden is “encouraged to see bipartisan fascination in Congress in passing legislation to tackle the electricity of tech platforms as a result of antitrust laws and to guard privateness.”

Apple’s grievances also utilize to a bill from Connecticut Democrat Richard Blumenthal and Tennessee Republican Marsha Blackburn aimed at changing how Google and Apple take care of 3rd-occasion app developers on their mobile units. Organizations like Spotify Know-how SA and Match Team Inc. have pushed for this bill to handle application store commission costs and what they describe as anticompetitive carry out by providers they say have a duopoly about the cellular sector.

U.S. technology usage sees significant increase over the years | Local News

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly enhanced the volume of time youthful people today put in in entrance of screens. With classroom instruction shifted online and in-particular person social things to do limited, children and teens spent more time than at any time in entrance of personal computers, phones, Tv set and other devices. In accordance to a single analyze, display time doubled for adolescents for the duration of the pandemic, from 3.8 hours to 7.7 several hours per working day.

The distinctive disorders of the pandemic produced elevated screen time a practical requirement for youthful individuals. But this reality also complex a longtime conundrum for family members: the appropriate volume of time for kids to expend with tv, computer systems, phones and tablets. For decades, parents and caregivers have feared adverse results of technology on students’ actual physical and mental health and fitness, socialization and cognitive ability even though also recognizing the need to allow for them to interact with contemporary daily life.

The mother nature of this problem has shifted in excess of the past generation, as time put in with tv has declined and hours on computer systems, telephones and tablets has risen. Pcs and telephones have plainly taken the put of television as a resource of preoccupation for youngsters: In 1999, 42.8{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} of significant university students claimed observing television much more than a few several hours for every working day, but that variety is now only 19.8{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca}. In 2003, only 22.1{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} of superior university learners applied a laptop or phone additional than three several hours for each day, but that figure has a lot more than doubled considering the fact that then, to 46.1{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} in 2019. These figures commenced to speed up substantially subsequent the launch of the Iphone in 2007 and the ensuing increase in the smartphone industry.

These new traits are relatively about mainly because of simultaneous shifts in students’ well being. From 1999 to 2019, the share of large university students who were being thought of over weight or overweight rose from 24.7{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} to 31.6{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca}. The share of pupils acquiring a lot more than 8 several hours of rest a night declined from 31.1{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} in 2007 to 22.1{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} in 2019, although the percentage of students who did not training enhanced from 13.8{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} in 2011 to 17{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} in 2019. Health and fitness scientists have uncovered evidence to propose that these phenomena are connected with enhanced system utilization: Pupils who use smartphones the most are a great deal more probably to be overweight, and screen time contributes to sleeplessness by disrupting the body’s pure circadian rhythms.

Even though the decline in Television viewing compared to pc and cellphone utilization is a nationwide phenomenon, some states nevertheless have comparatively substantial premiums of tv usage amongst large faculty students. Numerous of these states are found in the southern U.S., led by Mississippi (27.6{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} of learners viewing more than a few hrs of Tv per day), Louisiana (24.6{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca}) and Tennessee (23.5{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca}).

Missouri ranks at No. 19, with 19.8{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} share of learners who viewed three or far more hrs of Television for each day and 42.5{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} of college students who applied their telephone or laptop or computer for more than 3 hours per working day. It’s a amount that Paul Hoyt, a father of two young children in St. Joseph, was not stunned to find out.

“It’s a substantial difficulty with each teen I know and even some older people,” he claimed. “For our little ones, we experienced to established some principles and rules to make certain that they knew we didn’t approve of consistent Tv binging or them on their telephones.”

Hoyt’s procedures: They have to have a household night once for every week wherever they would go out and do one thing or stay home and participate in a activity or problem, all with no using their telephones. Even though it’s not constantly quick to stick to since of operate and college, Hoyt reported the household is better for it.

“We understand to respect individuals periods we’re not endlessly scrolling. It turns out to be truly awesome to just take a split and just interact with each individual other facial area to experience,” he said.

The knowledge applied in this assessment is from the U.S. Centers for Disorder Manage and Prevention’s Youth Hazard Actions Surveillance Program. To decide the states in which high school students observe the most tv, researchers at KTCB calculated the percentage of learners who reported observing 3 or far more hrs of tv on an ordinary faculty day. In the celebration of a tie, non-faculty laptop or computer and cellphone use on an average college working day — such as social media, video video games, texting and looking at movies — was deemed. Scientists also provided stats on students’ work out, excess weight and sleep behavior. Only 36 states with offered knowledge from YRBSS had been provided in the assessment.

Information-Push NOW reporter Andrew Gaug contributed to this tale.

Factbox-World Faces Shortage of Lithium for Electric Vehicle Batteries | Technology News

MELBOURNE (Reuters) – Lithium is in scorching demand due to swiftly developing creation of electrical automobiles that use lithium-ion batteries, but there is a global supply lack of the steel, with western nations around the world racing to carry on new mines to contend with China.

The Serbian authorities on Thursday cancelled licenses for a key lithium challenge owned by Anglo-Australian miner Rio Tinto Plc, which field professionals said is most likely to lengthen the supply scarcity to mid-ten years.

Adhering to are some vital facts on main mines and lithium source based mostly on data from Australia’s Division of Industry, the U.S. Geological Study, corporation stories and a Credit score Suisse report.

Lithium is at the moment generated from tricky rock or brine mines. Australia is the world’s major supplier, with manufacturing from difficult rock mines. Argentina, Chile and China is largely producing it from salt lakes.

Overall world wide creation, measured as lithium carbonate equal, was forecast in December at 485,000 tonnes in 2021, growing to 615,000 tonnes in 2022 and 821,000 tonnes in 2023, according to Australia’s Division of Market.

Credit Suisse analysts are a lot more conservative, observing 2022 output at 588,000 tonnes, and 2023 at 736,000 tonnes, and forecast demand outpacing offer development, with demand at 689,000 tonnes in 2022 and 902,000 tonnes in 2023, with about two-thirds of that for electrical motor vehicle batteries.

Lithium carbonate rates have rocketed to file highs about the previous year due to robust desire from Chinese battery makers.

World-wide best 10 producer Allkem said on Jan. 18 it expects pricing in the fifty percent-12 months to June to soar to all around $20,000 a tonne at position of loading, up about 80{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} from the 50 {4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca}-year to December 2021.

Greenbushes, Western Australia, Talison Lithium (a joint enterprise of Tianqi Lithium, IGO and Albemarle Corp. Present manufacturing capability at 1.34 million tonnes a year of chemical-quality and specialized-grade lithium focus.

Pilgangoora, Western Australia, owned by Pilbara Minerals, expects to made 400,000-450,000 tonnes of spodumene concentrate in the year to June 2022.

Mt Cattlin, Western Australia, owned by Allkem, the enterprise shaped from the merger of Orocobre and Galaxy Assets, developed 230,065 tonnes of spodumene focus in 2021.

Mibra, Minas Gerais, Brazil, owned by Highly developed Metallurgical Team, creating 90,000 tonnes a 12 months of spodumene.

Mount Marion, Western Australia, owned by Mineral Resources Ltd, is on observe to develop 450,000-475,000 tonnes of spodumene in the year to June 2022.

Salar de Atacama, Antofagasta, Chile, owned by Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile (SQM), manufacturing 110,000 tons a yr of lithium carbonate.

Chaerhan Lake Mine, in Qinghai, China, owned by Qinghai Salt Lake BYD Resources Growth Co, 10,000 tonnes a calendar year capacity of lithium carbonate

Yajiang Cuola Mine, Sichuan, China, owned by Tianqi Lithium, 10,000 tonnes a 12 months capability.

(Compiled by Sonali Paul Enhancing by Rashmi Aich)

Russian Central Bank Proposes Banning Cryptocurrencies, Crypto Mining | Technology News

By Elena Fabrichnaya and Alexander Marrow

MOSCOW (Reuters) -Russia’s central lender on Thursday proposed banning the use and mining of cryptocurrencies on Russian territory, citing threats to economic stability, citizens’ wellbeing and its financial policy sovereignty.

The transfer is the most recent in a international cryptocurrency crackdown as governments from Asia to the United States stress that privately operated very unstable digital currencies could undermine their management of financial and financial devices.

Russia has argued for several years towards cryptocurrencies, stating they could be utilised in cash laundering or to finance terrorism. It eventually gave them lawful position in 2020 but banned their use as a implies of payment.

In December, the rate of bitcoin fell after Reuters noted, citing sources, that Russia’s regulator was in favour of a finish ban on cryptocurrencies.

In a report revealed on Thursday, the central bank said speculative desire primarily determined cryptocurrencies’ speedy expansion and that they carried features of a economical pyramid, warning that bubbles in the market place could kind, threatening money steadiness and citizens.

The bank proposed avoiding money establishments from carrying out any operations with cryptocurrencies and reported mechanisms really should be created to block transactions aimed at acquiring or providing cryptocurrencies for fiat, or conventional currencies. The proposed ban involves crypto exchanges.

Russians are lively cryptocurrency people, the central lender said, with an annual transaction quantity of about $5 billion.

Russia is the world’s third-most significant player in bitcoin mining, driving the United States and Kazakhstan, however the latter may possibly see a miner exodus over fears of tightening regulation pursuing unrest previously this thirty day period.

The central lender reported crypto mining produced challenges for power intake. Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are “mined” by impressive computer systems that contend in opposition to others hooked up to a worldwide community to clear up sophisticated mathematical puzzles. The method guzzles electricity and is usually powered by fossil fuels.

“The ideal solution is to introduce a ban on cryptocurrency mining in Russia,” the financial institution claimed.

In August, Russia accounted for 11.2{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca} https://ccaf.io/cbeci/mining_map of the world wide “hashrate” – crypto jargon for the amount of computing ability remaining applied by pcs connected to the bitcoin network.

In its report, the central lender pointed to actions taken in other nations around the world, this sort of as China, to suppress cryptocurrency exercise. It mentioned it would work with regulators in nations where crypto exchanges are registered to acquire details about the functions of Russian shoppers.

In September, China intensified its crackdown nL1N2QQ0MG on cryptocurrencies with a blanket ban on all crypto transactions and mining, hitting bitcoin and other significant cash and pressuring crypto and blockchain-similar stocks.

Russia’s regulator claimed crypto property starting to be widespread would restrict the sovereignty of monetary plan, with larger curiosity rates required to have inflation.

It reported the lengthy-expression prospective of cryptocurrencies currently being made use of for settlements was constrained.

Meanwhile, the Financial institution of Russia is organizing to challenge its possess digital rouble, becoming a member of the global craze to create digital currencies to modernise monetary systems, pace up payments and counter a probable risk from other cryptocurrencies.

(Reporting by Elena Fabrichnaya and Alexander Marrow Editing by Emelia Sithole-Matarise)

Airlines Disrupted Worldwide by U.S. 5G ‘Nightmare’ | Technology News

By Tim Hepher, Jamie Freed and David Shepardson

(Reuters) – World-wide airways cancelled or rejigged dozens of flights as the on-off rollout of 5G cellular in the United States triggered what just one airline pilot identified as a “nightmare” of scheduling for carriers grappling with fast-modifying airplane limits.

A conclusion by two U.S. wi-fi carriers to delay switching on the effective new telecom masts in the vicinity of vital airports, next protests from airways about possible interference, arrived far too late to keep away from a ripple of cancellations on Wednesday.

Airlines across Asia and many in the Center East and Europe claimed they have been cancelling some flights or switching types, with a great deal of the initial disruption hitting the Boeing 777, for decades a workhorse of lengthy-length air vacation.

Dubai’s Emirates, the biggest person of the Boeing mini-jumbo, kicked off a slew of field cancellations or plane improvements late on Tuesday, expressing it would suspend 9 U.S. routes.

The airline’s veteran president Tim Clark told CNN the provider experienced not been knowledgeable of the extent of the problem until Tuesday and identified as it “one particular of the most delinquent, utterly irresponsible” episodes he had witnessed, a CNN reporter tweeted.

The disruption caps a weeks-extensive dispute amongst airways and telecom organizations above the velocity of deployment of 5G cellular providers in the United States, mirrored by tensions between regulators of the economically delicate industries.

U.S. airways and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) have warned that the frequencies and transmission strength staying deployed in the United States could interfere with the exact height readings required for bad-weather landings on some jetliners.

European regulators say no hazards have been observed elsewhere.

AT&T and Verizon Communications agreed on Tuesday to delay turning on 5G near critical airports but are pressing ahead with the wider U.S. deployment on Wednesday of expert services developed to provide tens of tens of millions of people today.

Late on Tuesday, the FAA started updating steerage on which airports and aircraft styles would be impacted, in a transfer envisioned to drastically lessen the impact of the just about 1,500 notices of 5G limitations beforehand issued by the regulator.

Even so, dozens of flights experienced to be cancelled or modified, pushing shares in European extended-haul carriers down about 2{4224f0a76978c4d6828175c7edfc499fc862aa95a2f708cd5006c57745b2aaca}.

“The past-minute postponement occurred also late to end the crews remaining sent out for modern (return) flight. It just designed it a nightmare,” explained a pilot with a important European airline.

Analysts stated a slump in extensive-haul traveling brought about by pandemic border constraints would limit the immediate effects, on the other hand.

“It is the off season, so in January or February airlines will be losing revenue and which is not counting the affect of the pandemic. At the minute they are combating for survival,” reported James Halstead, taking care of companion at United kingdom-based Aviation Approach.

“In which it may possibly hurt is that some airlines are working with the same extended-haul aircraft to carry freight,” he additional.

Korean Air Traces stated it had switched planes on six U.S. passenger and cargo flights, Taiwan’s China Airlines rescheduled some flights and Hong Kong’s Cathay Pacific reported it would transform plane kinds if wanted.

Japan’s All Nippon Airways and Japan Airlines, said they would curtail Boeing 777 flights adhering to a detect from Boeing that 5G alerts may well interfere with the radio altimeter.

Radio altimeters give precise readings of the peak higher than the floor on solution and help with automated landings, as well as verifying a jet has landed right before permitting reverse thrust.

Boeing explained it was performing with all events on a “knowledge-pushed option for the extensive-phrase that ensures all business plane models can function safely and securely as 5G is deployed.”

The 777 final 12 months was the next-most utilized widebody plane on flights to and from U.S. airports with around 210,000 flights, behind the more mature 767, according to information from FlightRadar24.

In other disruption, Germany’s Lufthansa mentioned it experienced cancelled one flight and was switching aircraft on other individuals.

Air India said its 4 U.S. flights would be curtailed or experience variations in plane type commencing from Wednesday.

Singapore Airways said it had switched the plane utilised on find U.S. routes.

British Airways switched its every day flight to Los Angeles to an Airbus A380 from the common Boeing 777 assistance and cancelled or modified other U.S. flights.

Cargo airlines AeroLogic and Polar diverted absent from Cincinnati to Atlanta, according to world-wide-web tracker FlightRadar24 which mentioned Atlanta was not issue to 5G related constraints.

Not all 777 flights have been strike. Emirates claimed it would retain traveling the 777 to Washington, which is not so significantly impacted.

Qatar Airways and Air France said U.S. routes were being working as scheduled and Israel’s El Al and Abu Dhabi’s Etihad Airways claimed their services experienced not been influenced. Kenya Airways said it was getting safety measures outlined by Boeing and the FAA.

(Additional reporting by Ed Copley and Josephine Mason in London, Eric M. Johnson in Seattle, Alexander Cornwell in Dubai, Ari Rabinovitch in Jerusalem, Lilian Wagdy and Moataz Mohamed in Cairo, Abhijith Ganapavaram in Bengaluru, Duncan Miriri in Nairoboi Modifying by Chizu Nomiyama, Richard Pullin and Mark Potter)